What is a .gpkg file, and what is its primary function?

A .gpkg file, or GeoPackage, is primarily designed for geospatial data storage. The GeoPackage standard is a format for storing geographic information system (GIS) data within a single file. It can contain vector data, raster data, and even tilesets, making it a versatile choice for geospatial data management. The use of a .gpkg file allows users to store, transfer, and share spatial data in a single, compact database format, which is beneficial for applications that require efficient data handling and interoperability.

Unlike proprietary formats, the GeoPackage specification is an open standard developed by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), allowing for broad accessibility and support across various GIS applications. This means that users can work with .gpkg files in a wide range of software without being tied to a specific platform or vendor.

The other options do not accurately describe the .gpkg format. It is not an executable file, nor is it just a software program for managing maps or limited to vector data only. The GeoPackage’s comprehensive capabilities make it a pivotal component in modern GIS workflows.