Which compression type is associated with lossless data storage?

The correct answer is associated with lossless data storage because it utilizes a compression method that preserves all the original data without any loss. In the context of raster graphics, PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is widely recognized for its ability to maintain the quality of images while compressing the file size. This lossless compression means that when an image is saved and later opened again, it retains its original quality and details, making it an ideal format for applications where precision and clarity are important, such as in GIS mapping and analysis.

In comparison, other options represent lossy or lossy-compressed formats. JPEG uses lossy compression, which reduces file size by permanently eliminating some data, resulting in a decrease in image quality. MrSID (Multiresolution Seamless Image Database) and ECW (Enhanced Compressed Wavelet) also involve lossy compression techniques that prioritize reducing file sizes over retaining all original details, which can be suitable for specific uses in GIS but does not ensure the same fidelity as lossless formats. Therefore, PNG stands out as the go-to choice for lossless data compression in the context of the mentioned options.